Theme customization solution

Component development standards and theme customization solutions are indispensable parts of front-end engineering. Good standards enhance code maintainability, while flexible customization solutions adapt to diverse requirements. Below is a detailed explanation covering component design principles, code standards, theme architecture, and more.

Component Design Principles

Component development should follow atomic design principles, breaking down the UI into the smallest reusable units. Typical divisions include:

• Base Components: Basic interactive elements like buttons and input fields
• Composite Components: Functional blocks composed of base components (e.g., forms)
• Business Components: Custom components with specific business logic

// Base button component example
const Button = ({ 
  type = 'primary',
  size = 'medium',
  children,
  onClick 
}) => {
  const classNames = `btn btn-${type} btn-${size}`;
  
  return (
    <button className={classNames} onClick={onClick}>
      {children}
    </button>
  );
};

Code Standard Guidelines

File Structure

Recommended file organization by functionality:

components/
├── Button/
│   ├── index.tsx
│   ├── style.module.scss
│   └── test.tsx
└── Form/
    ├── Input.tsx
    └── Select.tsx

Naming Conventions

• Components use PascalCase (e.g., DatePicker)
• CSS class names follow BEM (e.g., btn__icon--disabled)
• Event handlers start with handle prefix (e.g., handleClick)

Props Design

Follow unidirectional data flow principles. Props should have:

1. Clear type definitions
2. Reasonable default values
3. Comprehensive TypeScript type declarations

interface ModalProps {
  visible: boolean;
  title?: string;
  width?: number;
  onClose: () => void;
  children: React.ReactNode;
}

Theme Customization Solutions

CSS Variable System

Establish a global theme variable system for dynamic skin switching:

:root {
  --color-primary: #1890ff;
  --color-success: #52c41a;
  --font-size-base: 14px;
  --spacing-unit: 8px;
}

.dark-theme {
  --color-primary: #177ddc;
  --color-text: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
}

Theme Configuration File

Manage theme variables using JSON structure:

{
  "light": {
    "palette": {
      "primary": "#1890ff",
      "text": "rgba(0,0,0,0.85)"
    }
  },
  "dark": {
    "palette": {
      "primary": "#177ddc",
      "text": "rgba(255,255,255,0.85)"
    }
  }
}

Runtime Theme Switching

Implement dynamic themes via Context:

const ThemeContext = createContext();

const ThemeProvider = ({ children }) => {
  const [theme, setTheme] = useState('light');
  
  const toggleTheme = () => {
    setTheme(prev => prev === 'light' ? 'dark' : 'light');
  };

  return (
    <ThemeContext.Provider value={{ theme, toggleTheme }}>
      <div className={`theme-${theme}`}>
        {children}
      </div>
    </ThemeContext.Provider>
  );
};

Styling Solutions

CSS-in-JS Approach

Use styled-components for style encapsulation:

const StyledButton = styled.button`
  padding: ${props => props.size === 'large' ? '12px 24px' : '8px 16px'};
  background: ${props => props.theme.primary};
  border-radius: ${props => props.theme.borderRadius};
`;

Sass Preprocessing

Enhance style maintainability with Sass features:

// _variables.scss
$breakpoints: (
  sm: 576px,
  md: 768px,
  lg: 992px
);

// mixins.scss
@mixin respond-to($breakpoint) {
  @media (min-width: map-get($breakpoints, $breakpoint)) {
    @content;
  }
}

Component Documentation Standards

Storybook Integration

Showcase component use cases via Storybook:

// Button.stories.js
export default {
  title: 'Components/Button',
  component: Button
};

const Template = (args) => <Button {...args} />;

export const Primary = Template.bind({});
Primary.args = {
  type: 'primary',
  children: 'Primary Button'
};

Props Table Generation

Automate documentation with react-docgen:

/**
 * Universal button component
 * @param {string} type - Button type (primary|dashed|link)
 * @param {function} onClick - Click event handler
 */
function Button({ type, onClick }) {
  // ...
}

Version Compatibility Strategy

Semantic Versioning

Follow SemVer for version management:

• MAJOR: Breaking changes
• MINOR: Backward-compatible feature additions
• PATCH: Bug fixes

Deprecation Strategy

Adopt a gradual deprecation approach:

1. Mark with @deprecated
2. Retain for at least one major version cycle
3. Provide migration guides

/**
 * @deprecated since v2.0, use <NewComponent /> instead
 */
class OldComponent extends React.Component {
  // ...
}

Performance Optimization Tips

Component Lazy Loading

Implement on-demand loading with React.lazy:

const LazyComponent = React.lazy(() => import('./HeavyComponent'));

function Wrapper() {
  return (
    <Suspense fallback={<Spinner />}>
      <LazyComponent />
    </Suspense>
  );
}

Style Scoping

Avoid style pollution with CSS Modules:

import styles from './Button.module.css';

function Button() {
  return <button className={styles.root}>Submit</button>;
}

Testing and Validation System

Unit Test Example

Use Jest + Testing Library:

test('Button click triggers callback', () => {
  const handleClick = jest.fn();
  render(<Button onClick={handleClick} />);
  
  fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button'));
  expect(handleClick).toHaveBeenCalled();
});

Visual Regression Testing

Capture UI changes with Storybook Chromatic:

# Run visual tests
npx chromatic --project-token=<your_token>

Multi-Platform Adaptation Solutions

Responsive Design

Handle responsive layouts with Hooks:

function useBreakpoint() {
  const [breakpoint, setBreakpoint] = useState('');

  useEffect(() => {
    const checkSize = () => {
      const width = window.innerWidth;
      if (width < 768) setBreakpoint('mobile');
      else if (width < 1024) setBreakpoint('tablet');
      else setBreakpoint('desktop');
    };

    window.addEventListener('resize', checkSize);
    return () => window.removeEventListener('resize', checkSize);
  }, []);

  return breakpoint;
}

Mobile Adaptation

Implement flexible layouts with viewport units:

.container {
  padding: calc(1vw + 8px);
  font-size: clamp(14px, 2vw, 16px);
}