with micro-frontend architecture

The micro-frontend architecture achieves decoupling and autonomy by splitting frontend applications into independent modules, encompassing core elements such as container applications, micro-apps, shared dependencies, and communication mechanisms. TypeScript's type system enhances the maintainability of micro-frontends, addressing issues like data structure mismatches and interface inconsistencies. Mainstream implementation solutions include Webpack's Module Federation and traditional iframe integration. State management requires special design, such as using Redux for cross-application sharing. Style isolation can be achieved through Shadow DOM or CSS naming conventions. Performance optimizations include intelligent preloading and route prediction. Layered testing focuses on contract testing. Deployment adopts semantic version control, while error handling establishes a unified collection mechanism. Migrating from a monolithic to a micro-frontend architecture follows a progressive path: creating a shell, extracting modules, building shared libraries, implementing a communication layer, and gradually replacing components.

Server-side rendering

Server-Side Rendering (SSR) is a technique where pages are rendered on the server and HTML is sent to the client. Compared to Client-Side Rendering (CSR), it enables faster initial content display and is more SEO-friendly. TypeScript provides type safety in SSR, ensuring data consistency between the frontend and backend. Popular frameworks like Next.js and Nuxt.js support SSR, with data-fetching strategies including server-side data injection and using tools like SWR or React Query. Performance optimization methods involve combining static generation with SSR, streaming SSR, and component-level caching. Common issues include rendering mismatches, global object access, and style handling, all of which have corresponding solutions. Advanced SSR patterns cover use cases like micro frontends, edge computing, and progressive SSR.

with state management (Redux/Vuex)

State management is a crucial part of modern front-end development. Redux and Vuex, as the most popular state management solutions in the React and Vue ecosystems respectively, both adopt a centralized store to manage application state. Redux emphasizes functional programming and immutability, requiring more boilerplate code but offering stronger predictability. Vuex, deeply integrated with Vue, is more concise. Both support TypeScript, enhancing the development experience through type systems. For large-scale applications, modular management is essential. Redux uses `combineReducers`, while Vuex has a built-in module system. In terms of performance optimization, Redux can leverage `reselect`, and Vuex utilizes getter caching. Both provide convenience for testing. State persistence can be achieved via plugins, but attention must be paid to data serialization and handling sensitive information.

with testing frameworks (Jest/Mocha)

In TypeScript projects, Jest and Mocha are the mainstream testing frameworks. Jest offers simple configuration with built-in assertion and mock functionality, making it suitable for React projects. Mocha is more flexible but requires pairing with libraries like Chai. Both support asynchronous testing, but Jest has a more concise syntax. For mocking, Jest provides powerful built-in features, while Mocha relies on Sinon. For test coverage, Jest includes built-in tools, whereas Mocha needs NYC. Both can handle generic functions and class method testing. For React component testing, Jest with Testing Library is recommended. For performance testing, Jest can measure directly, while Mocha typically uses Benchmark.js. Both support custom assertions: Jest via `expect.extend`, and Mocha via `chai.use`.

with database ORM

In TypeScript, ORM technology simplifies database operations through object-relational mapping, allowing developers to use an object-oriented approach instead of direct SQL statements. Mainstream ORM libraries include TypeORM, Prisma, Sequelize, and MikroORM. Entity definitions are implemented via decorators or configuration files, supporting various relationship types such as one-to-one and one-to-many. Query builders provide flexible data retrieval methods, while transaction management ensures atomicity of operations. Migration tools assist in managing database schema changes, and performance optimization involves strategies like lazy loading and caching. TypeScript's type safety significantly reduces runtime errors and integrates well with GraphQL. During testing, in-memory databases or mocked repositories can be used. Common issues like N+1 queries can be resolved through eager loading, and custom Repository patterns help better organize code.

Translate this sentence into English with the Deno runtime.

Deno is a JavaScript/TypeScript runtime developed by Ryan Dahl, the creator of Node.js. It natively supports TypeScript and offers more secure default configurations compared to Node.js. Deno improves upon the module system, security, and toolchain, allowing direct execution of TypeScript code without additional setup. It employs an explicit permissions model to control file, network, and other system accesses. The module system uses URL-based imports, eliminating the need for `node_modules` and `package.json`. Deno provides high-quality standard libraries for functionalities like HTTP and file systems, while third-party modules are centralized on deno.land/x. It supports partial Node.js APIs for easier migration and includes built-in test runners and debugging tools. Deno can compile into a single executable for deployment, with performance close to Node.js but slightly longer cold starts. It is well-suited for modern TypeScript applications, such as REST APIs, and tools like denon can further streamline the development workflow.

Mobile development with React Native

The combination of React Native and TypeScript significantly enhances cross-platform mobile app development efficiency and code quality by enabling static type checking to ensure type safety and providing better code hints and refactoring capabilities. The article details various scenarios for applying TypeScript in React Native projects, including defining types for component props and state, handling navigation parameter types, ensuring type safety for styles, processing API response data structures, achieving type safety for custom Hooks and higher-order components, and supporting types in state management. These practices are particularly suitable for medium to large-scale application development, helping developers catch potential errors during the development phase and improve code reliability.

With Electron desktop development

Electron is a framework for building cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML, and CSS. It combines Chromium and Node.js, enabling developers to create native apps with web technologies. The article delves into Electron's core concepts, including the communication mechanism between the main and renderer processes, the advantages of using TypeScript for development, and methods for state management and data persistence. It also covers integrating native features like the file system and system tray, along with practical advice on packaging, distribution, debugging, and optimization. Finally, it emphasizes security best practices, such as enabling contextIsolation, disabling nodeIntegration, and using CSP.

with WebAssembly

WebAssembly is a low-level binary instruction format designed to run in modern browsers with near-native performance, making it particularly suitable for performance-sensitive scenarios. TypeScript, as a superset of JavaScript, can be combined with WebAssembly to provide better type safety and development experience. Through AssemblyScript, TypeScript code can be compiled into Wasm modules, such as implementing addition operations. The advantage of WebAssembly lies in its performance, especially in computationally intensive tasks like image processing and game physics simulations. It is widely used in practical applications, such as handling complex physics engines or rendering logic in game development. Debugging tools like Chrome DevTools support direct debugging of Wasm. Performance optimization requires attention to memory management and data transfer. Future development directions include features like thread support and SIMD. WebAssembly and JavaScript complement each other—the former is suitable for computationally intensive tasks, while the latter is ideal for DOM operations. The community offers abundant resources, including official documentation and toolchains.

with Web Workers

Web Workers allow scripts to run in background threads, avoiding blocking the main thread. TypeScript provides type support to make usage safer and more efficient. Creating a Web Worker requires two files: the main thread script and the Worker script. Communication interfaces can be defined to ensure type safety. Advanced patterns include Worker pools and SharedArrayBuffer for shared memory. Errors must be handled properly in Workers. ES modules can be used to organize code, and lifecycle management is essential. Note that direct DOM access is restricted. Performance optimization techniques include batch processing messages and using Transferable objects. Collaboration between Workers and the main thread enables complex logic. TypeScript advanced types can be applied to Worker communication to enhance type safety.