Team collaboration process

Author：Chuan Chen 阅读数：18059人阅读分类：前端综合

The Necessity of Engineering Standards

Engineering standards are the cornerstone of team collaboration. The lack of uniform standards can lead to chaotic code styles, skyrocketing maintenance costs, and inefficient collaboration. A typical example is the indentation issue: some use 2 spaces, others use 4 spaces, and some even mix tabs and spaces. These differences can generate a large number of meaningless conflicts during code merging.

// Bad example: Mixed indentation styles
function badExample(){
  const x = 1;
    const y = 2;
  return x + y;
}

// Good example: Unified 2-space indentation
function goodExample() {
  const x = 1;
  const y = 2;
  return x + y;
}

Code Style Unification Solutions

ESLint Configuration

ESLint is the most popular JavaScript static analysis tool. Teams should share the same configuration file:

// .eslintrc.js
module.exports = {
  extends: ['airbnb-base'],
  rules: {
    'indent': ['error', 2],
    'quotes': ['error', 'single'],
    'semi': ['error', 'always'],
    'no-console': 'warn',
    'max-len': ['error', { code: 100 }]
  },
  parserOptions: {
    ecmaVersion: 2021
  }
};

Prettier Integration

Prettier, as a code formatting tool, can be used in conjunction with ESLint:

// .prettierrc
{
  "printWidth": 100,
  "tabWidth": 2,
  "useTabs": false,
  "semi": true,
  "singleQuote": true,
  "trailingComma": "es5"
}

Add a formatting script to package.json:

{
  "scripts": {
    "format": "prettier --write \"src/**/*.{js,jsx,ts,tsx,css,scss,json,md}\""
  }
}

Git Workflow Design

Branch Management Strategy

A variant of Git Flow is recommended:

main - Production environment code
develop - Integration development branch
feature/* - Feature development branch
hotfix/* - Emergency fix branch

# Example workflow
git checkout -b feature/user-auth develop
# After development is complete
git checkout develop
git merge --no-ff feature/user-auth

Commit Message Standards

Adopt Angular commit conventions:

<type>(<scope>): <subject>
<BLANK LINE>
<body>
<BLANK LINE>
<footer>

Example:

feat(user): add login API endpoint

- Implement JWT authentication
- Add login route handler
- Write unit tests

Closes #123

Automation Process Construction

CI/CD Pipeline Configuration

GitHub Actions example configuration:

# .github/workflows/ci.yml
name: CI Pipeline

on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v2
        with:
          node-version: '16'
      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm run lint
      - run: npm test

Automated Testing Strategy

Test pyramid practice:

Unit tests (Jest)
Integration tests (Testing Library)
E2E tests (Cypress)

// Unit test example
describe('sum module', () => {
  test('adds 1 + 2 to equal 3', () => {
    expect(sum(1, 2)).toBe(3);
  });
});

Documentation Standards System

Code Commenting Standards

Use JSDoc conventions:

/**
 * Calculates the sum of two numbers
 * @param {number} a - The first number
 * @param {number} b - The second number
 * @returns {number} The sum of a and b
 * @example
 * // returns 5
 * sum(2, 3)
 */
function sum(a, b) {
  return a + b;
}

Project Documentation Structure

Standard documentation directory:

docs/
├── ARCHITECTURE.md    # System architecture
├── API.md            # API documentation
├── DEVELOPMENT.md    # Development guide
└── CHANGELOG.md      # Change log

Component Development Standards

Component Design Principles

Single Responsibility Principle
Controlled components first
Clear props interface

React component example:

// Button.jsx
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';

/**
 * Primary UI component for user interaction
 */
export const Button = ({ 
  primary = false,
  size = 'medium',
  label,
  ...props
}) => {
  const mode = primary ? 'btn-primary' : 'btn-secondary';
  return (
    <button
      type="button"
      className={['btn', `btn-${size}`, mode].join(' ')}
      {...props}
    >
      {label}
    </button>
  );
};

Button.propTypes = {
  primary: PropTypes.bool,
  size: PropTypes.oneOf(['small', 'medium', 'large']),
  label: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
  onClick: PropTypes.func,
};

Performance Monitoring Solutions

Performance Metrics Collection

Use the web-vitals library:

import { getCLS, getFID, getLCP } from 'web-vitals';

function sendToAnalytics(metric) {
  const body = JSON.stringify(metric);
  navigator.sendBeacon('/analytics', body);
}

getCLS(sendToAnalytics);
getFID(sendToAnalytics);
getLCP(sendToAnalytics);

Error Tracking

Sentry integration example:

import * as Sentry from '@sentry/react';
import { BrowserTracing } from '@sentry/tracing';

Sentry.init({
  dsn: 'YOUR_DSN',
  integrations: [new BrowserTracing()],
  tracesSampleRate: 0.2,
  release: 'my-project@1.0.0'
});

// Boundary error capture
<Sentry.ErrorBoundary fallback={<p>An error occurred</p>}>
  <MyComponent />
</Sentry.ErrorBoundary>

Dependency Management Strategy

Version Locking Mechanism

Use package-lock.json or yarn.lock to ensure dependency consistency:

# Install with exact versions
npm install --save-exact react@18.2.0

Dependency Update Process

Regularly run npm outdated
Use the npm-check-updates tool:

npx npm-check-updates -u
npm install
npm test

Code Review Standards

Review Checklist Example

Does the implementation meet requirements?
Is there adequate test coverage?
Does the code comply with style guidelines?
Are there any performance issues?
Is error handling complete?

Review Tool Integration

GitHub PR template example:

## Change Description

## Impact Scope

## Testing Suggestions

## Related Issues

Frontend Architecture Decisions

Technology Selection Records

Use ADR (Architecture Decision Record) documents:

# 1. State Management Solution Selection

## Decision

Choose Zustand over Redux for state management

## Reasons

- Simpler API
- Less boilerplate code
- Better TypeScript support
- Meets current project complexity requirements

## Consequences

- Team needs to learn new API
- Ecosystem not as rich as Redux

Exception Handling Mechanism

Error Boundary Implementation

React error boundary example:

class ErrorBoundary extends React.Component {
  state = { hasError: false };

  static getDerivedStateFromError() {
    return { hasError: true };
  }

  componentDidCatch(error, info) {
    logErrorToService(error, info);
  }

  render() {
    if (this.state.hasError) {
      return <FallbackUI />;
    }
    return this.props.children;
  }
}

Internationalization Solutions

i18n Implementation Strategy

Use i18next's React integration:

// i18n.js
import i18n from 'i18next';
import { initReactI18next } from 'i18next/react';

i18n
  .use(initReactI18next)
  .init({
    resources: {
      en: {
        translation: {
          welcome: 'Welcome'
        }
      },
      zh: {
        translation: {
          welcome: '欢迎'
        }
      }
    },
    lng: 'en',
    fallbackLng: 'en'
  });

// Usage in components
function App() {
  const { t } = useTranslation();
  return <h1>{t('welcome')}</h1>;
}

Style Management Solutions

CSS Modularization Practice

Use CSS Modules:

/* Button.module.css */
.primary {
  background: blue;
}

.button {
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
}

import styles from './Button.module.css';

function Button({ primary }) {
  return (
    <button className={`${styles.button} ${primary ? styles.primary : ''}`}>
      Click
    </button>
  );
}

Type Safety Practices

TypeScript Configuration

Recommended tsconfig:

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "ES2020",
    "module": "ESNext",
    "strict": true,
    "jsx": "react-jsx",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "skipLibCheck": true,
    "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true
  },
  "include": ["src"]
}

Type Definition Example

React component props types:

interface ButtonProps {
  /**
   * Whether it's a primary button
   */
  primary?: boolean;
  /**
   * Button size
   */
  size?: 'small' | 'medium' | 'large';
  /**
   * Button text
   */
  label: string;
  /**
   * Click event handler
   */
  onClick?: () => void;
}

const Button: FC<ButtonProps> = ({ primary = false, size = 'medium', label }) => {
  // Component implementation
};

Build Optimization Strategies

Code Splitting Configuration

Webpack dynamic imports:

// Static import
import Home from './Home';

// Dynamic import
const About = lazy(() => import('./About'));

// Webpack configuration
output: {
  filename: '[name].[contenthash].js',
  chunkFilename: '[name].[contenthash].chunk.js',
  path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'),
  clean: true
}

Bundle Analysis Tools

Use webpack-bundle-analyzer:

const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require('webpack-bundle-analyzer').BundleAnalyzerPlugin;

module.exports = {
  plugins: [
    new BundleAnalyzerPlugin({
      analyzerMode: 'static',
      reportFilename: 'bundle-report.html',
      openAnalyzer: false
    })
  ]
};

Environment Variable Management

Multi-Environment Configuration

Use dotenv to manage environment variables:

# .env.development
API_BASE_URL=http://localhost:3000
DEBUG=true

# .env.production
API_BASE_URL=https://api.example.com

// Webpack environment variable configuration
plugins: [
  new webpack.DefinePlugin({
    'process.env.API_BASE_URL': JSON.stringify(process.env.API_BASE_URL)
  })
]

Package Publishing Standards

Private Package Publishing Process

Version numbers follow semver
Update CHANGELOG.md
Add access control

# Pre-publish preparation
npm version patch -m "Bump version to %s"
git push --follow-tags

# Publish
npm publish --access restricted

Mobile Adaptation Solutions

Responsive Design Implementation

Use CSS media queries and relative units:

.container {
  padding: 1rem;
  width: 100%;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .container {
    max-width: 720px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
}

Viewport Configuration

HTML meta tag:

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no">

Browser Compatibility Strategy

Polyfill Solutions

Use core-js and regenerator-runtime:

// polyfills.js
import 'core-js/stable';
import 'regenerator-runtime/runtime';

// Webpack entry configuration
entry: ['@babel/polyfill', './src/index.js']

Compatibility Detection

Add browserslist configuration:

# .browserslistrc
last 2 versions
> 1%
not dead
not IE 11

State Management Standards

Redux Best Practices

Use Redux Toolkit
Immutable updates
Selector memoization

// store.js
import { configureStore } from '@reduxjs/toolkit';

export const store = configureStore({
  reducer: {
    counter: counterReducer
  },
  middleware: (getDefaultMiddleware) =>
    getDefaultMiddleware().concat(logger)
});

// Slice example
const counterSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'counter',
  initialState: 0,
  reducers: {
    increment: (state) => state + 1
  }
});

Frontend Security Practices

XSS Protection Measures

Use DOMPurify to sanitize HTML
React default escaping
CSP policies

import DOMPurify from 'dompurify';

const clean = DOMPurify.sanitize(userInput);

CSRF Protection

Add CSRF Token:

// Backend sets cookie
res.cookie('XSRF-TOKEN', token, {
  httpOnly: false // Allow frontend to read
});

// Frontend sends token with requests
axios.defaults.headers.common['X-XSRF-TOKEN'] = getCookie('XSRF-TOKEN');

Design System Integration

Storybook Configuration

Component documentation example:

// Button.stories.js
export default {
  title: 'Components/Button',
  component: Button,
  argTypes: {
    backgroundColor: { control: 'color' }
  }
};

const Template = (args) => <Button {...args} />;

export const Primary = Template.bind({});
Primary.args = {
  primary: true,
  label: 'Button'
};

Server-Side Rendering Standards

Next.js Page Conventions

Filesystem routing:

pages/
├── _app.js       # App shell
├── _document.js  # HTML template
├── index.js      # Home route
└── about.js      # /about route

Data Fetching Methods

getServerSideProps example:

export async function getServerSideProps(context) {
  const res = await fetch(`https://api.example.com/data`);
  const data = await res.json();

  if (!data) {
    return {
      notFound: true
    };
  }

  return {
    props: { data }
  };
}

Micro-Frontend Architecture

Module Federation Configuration

Webpack 5 Module Federation:

// app1 webpack.config.js
new ModuleFederationPlugin({
  name: 'app1',
  filename: 'remoteEntry.js',
  exposes: {
    './Button': './src/Button'
  },
  shared: ['react', 'react-dom']
});

// app2 webpack.config.js
new ModuleFederationPlugin({
  name: 'app2',
  remotes: {
    app1: 'app1@http://localhost:3001/remoteEntry.js'
  },
  shared: ['react', 'react-dom']
});

Visualization Standards

Chart Library Selection Criteria

Performance considerations
Accessibility support
Maintenance activity

ECharts configuration example:

option = {
  title: {
    text: 'Sales Trend'
  },
  tooltip: {},
  xAxis: {
    data: ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar']
  },
  yAxis: {},
  series: [{
    name: 'Sales',
    type: 'bar',
    data: [5, 20, 36]
  }]
};

Animation Implementation Principles

CSS Animation Best Practices

Prefer transform and opacity
Avoid layout thrashing
Use will-change for optimization

.box {
  transition: transform 0.3s ease-out;
  will-change: transform;
}

.box:hover {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

JavaScript Animation

Use requestAnimationFrame:

function animate() {
  element.style.transform = `translateX(${position}px)`;
  position += 1;
  
  if (position < 100) {
    requestAnimationFrame(animate);
  }
}

requestAnimationFrame(animate);

Frontend Storage Solutions

Local Storage Strategy

Do not store sensitive data
Add version control
Consider size limits

// Version-controlled localStorage wrapper
const storage = {
  set(key, value) {
    localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify({
      version: 1,
      data: value
    }));
  },
  get(key) {
    const item = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(key));
    if (item?.version === 1) {
      return item.data;
    }
    return null;
  }
};

Performance Optimization Metrics

Core Web Vitals

LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)
FID (First Input Delay)
CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)

LCP optimization example:

<!-- Preload critical resources -->
<link rel="preload" href="hero-image.jpg" as="image">

<!-- Lazy load non-critical images -->
<img src="placeholder.jpg" data-src="actual.jpg" loading="lazy">

Accessibility Standards

ARIA Practice Guidelines

Semantic HTML first
Supplement with ARIA attributes when necessary
Keyboard navigation testing

<button 
  aria-label="Close modal"
  aria-expanded="false"

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