Cache strategy specification

Front-end caching strategies are a key means of performance optimization, covering multiple layers from local storage to HTTP caching. Local storage specifications require establishing a three-tier naming standard and encapsulating unified operation interfaces, including capacity control and LRU algorithm implementation. HTTP caching needs to distinguish between strong caching and协商缓存, with configurations tailored to different resource types. Service Workers provide granular cache control, including precaching and network fallback mechanisms. Cache updates rely on version control and API request caching. Special scenarios, such as form anti-duplication and video segment caching, require specific designs. Additionally, a monitoring system must be established to track cache health. Multi-environment setups demand differentiated cache strategy configurations, with development, testing, and production environments using distinct parameter settings to ensure the caching mechanism is efficient and controllable.

Static resource processing

Front-end static resource handling is a crucial aspect of engineering, encompassing the management of files such as images, fonts, styles, scripts, and more. It involves optimization techniques like loading, compression, caching, and deployment. Resources are categorized into media, styles, scripts, fonts, documents, etc., characterized by their fixed, cacheable nature, requiring specific strategies. The core objectives of engineering include version control, on-demand loading, and compression optimization. Modern tools like Webpack and Vite offer specialized solutions for handling these tasks. Advanced caching strategies involve CDN deployment and Service Workers. Performance monitoring is achieved through the Performance API, with a focus on critical resource preloading and exception handling mechanisms. Special attention is needed for resource sharing and isolation in micro-frontend scenarios. Automated testing can verify resource integrity and cache hit rates. Proper management of static resources significantly enhances performance, reduces server pressure, and lowers maintenance costs.

Code splitting strategy

Code splitting is a crucial technique for front-end performance optimization by breaking code into smaller chunks to enable on-demand loading. Its primary benefits include reducing the initial screen resource size, improving cache utilization, and leveraging parallel loading advantages. Common strategies include route-based splitting, component-level granular splitting, and separate bundling of third-party libraries. Dynamic import methods encompass proactive preloading, on-demand lazy loading, and conditional loading. Build tools like Webpack offer advanced configurations such as magic comments to control splitting strategies. In practice, considerations like performance monitoring, duplicate dependencies, and CSS splitting must be addressed. Server-side rendering and micro-frontend architectures require special handling, while different build tools vary in implementation approaches. Long-term caching can be achieved through contenthash, and modern solutions like ES module import maps can further enhance performance. Business scenarios like e-commerce can optimize user experience by lazily loading non-critical content.

Environment variable management

Environment variable management is a crucial aspect of front-end engineering, used to distinguish configuration parameters across different environments, such as API paths and feature flags. Traditional hardcoding requires manual code changes, while environment variables enable dynamic configuration through external injection. Common solutions include `.env` files, build-time injection, and runtime loading. Best practices involve type safety, multi-environment management, and sensitive data protection. Advanced applications cover micro-frontend isolation and test mock toolchain integration, with support for Docker and CI/CD. Attention must be paid to browser compatibility and performance optimization. Monitoring and alerts ensure variable health checks. Proper environment variable management enhances collaboration efficiency, reduces environment-related issues, and safeguards system security.

Dependency management specification

The complexity of modern front-end development has significantly increased, making engineering standards a fundamental guarantee for team collaboration. It effectively addresses issues such as chaotic code styles, dependency conflicts, and inefficient builds. Dependency management requires adhering to version-locking mechanisms, including `package-lock.json` or `yarn.lock` in version control, and precisely specifying dependency versions. Dependencies should be reasonably categorized into production, development, peer, and optional dependencies. During installation, an exact installation strategy should be adopted, and a standardized update process should be established. Tools like ESLint can be used for dependency analysis, while multi-package management may employ a Monorepo approach. Dependency security requires regular vulnerability audits and ensuring supply chain security. Special dependency cases can be handled through alias configurations or patch solutions. Performance optimization can leverage dependency splitting and externalization configurations to load environment-specific dependencies. Finally, comprehensive documentation should record dependency changes, and CI should automate checks. These practices collectively build a robust and efficient modern front-end engineering system.

Build tool configuration

As modern frontend projects continue to increase in complexity and code volume grows exponentially, engineering standardization has become the foundational guarantee for team collaboration and project maintenance. It effectively addresses issues such as chaotic code styles, dependency management difficulties, and inefficient builds. The article details the configuration methods of code standardization tools like ESLint and Prettier, the basic setup and advanced optimization techniques of build tools like Webpack—including code splitting, Tree Shaking, environment variable management, and the development of custom Loaders and Plugins. It also covers the use of performance monitoring and analysis tools, modern build solutions like Vite and Rollup with configuration examples, and build optimization strategies in continuous integration, such as caching policies and parallel build configurations. This provides comprehensive technical guidance for frontend engineering practices.

Version control specification

Engineering standards are crucial for team collaboration, ensuring code style consistency and maintenance efficiency. Version control follows the Git Flow branching strategy and Angular commit message format. Frontend engineering includes directory structure standards, ESLint configuration, and Git Hook implementation for code reviews, focusing on functionality and error handling. Continuous integration covers testing, building, and deployment workflows. Version releases adhere to semantic versioning. Exception handling is managed via Sentry monitoring and error boundary components. Documentation must be clear and comprehensive. Automated testing follows the pyramid structure. Dependency management requires version locking and update policies. Performance optimization involves bundle size reduction and critical rendering path improvements. Multi-environment management is configured via environment variables. Frontend security measures guard against risks like XSS.

project directory structure

In front-end project engineering standards, directory structure design is crucial for development efficiency and maintenance costs. It is recommended to organize by functional modules rather than traditional file types. The base directory should include core business modules, infrastructure, and shared resources, with consistent naming conventions. Dynamically loaded directories require special markers. The configuration separation principle mandates centralized management of environment-related files. TypeScript projects can adopt either proximity-based or global type declaration patterns. Static resources should be categorized by usage scenario and optimized via build tools. Test files can be organized in three ways: independent directories, sibling files, or centralized directories. Documentation should be updated alongside code. Monorepo projects require adjusted structures using workspace management. Build output directories should incorporate version control and hash strategies for cache optimization.

Version compatibility handling

In component development specifications, version compatibility handling is crucial for system stability and maintainability. Semantic versioning (MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH) is adopted to indicate breaking changes, feature additions, and bug fixes, respectively. Backward compatibility can be achieved through interface adaptation layers and feature toggle controls. Multi-version coexistence strategies include dynamic loading mechanisms and CSS namespace isolation. Dependency management requires configuring peerDependencies and runtime version detection. Deprecation processes follow a phased approach with clear timelines. The testing and validation system encompasses version matrix testing and type compatibility checks. Documentation must detail change impacts and migration guides. Error monitoring tracks version usage. Automation tools integrate version migration scripts and dependency checks. Gradual rollouts are controlled in phases based on user IDs. Rollback contingency plans include database rollback scripts and resource version reverts as key steps.

Component reuse strategy

Front-end component development standards and reuse strategies are key to enhancing project maintainability and development efficiency. Component design should adhere to the Single Responsibility Principle, clearly distinguishing between controlled and uncontrolled components. Interface specifications must define Prop types and default values explicitly. For styling, CSS scoping solutions are recommended. Component reuse can be achieved through higher-order components or render prop patterns. Comprehensive documentation, examples, and version management are indispensable. Performance optimization includes memoization and virtual scrolling. Testing strategies should cover unit tests and visual regression tests. Multi-platform adaptation is achieved via responsive design and conditional rendering. Internationalization support requires consideration of multi-language component design. Theming solutions leverage CSS variables for control. Component categorization follows the Atomic Design methodology. Code splitting is implemented through dynamic imports. Error boundaries effectively prevent localized UI crashes from affecting the overall application.