Performance optimization tips

Branch Management Strategy Optimization

Git branch management directly impacts team collaboration efficiency and code quality. Adopting proper branching strategies can significantly reduce merge conflicts and code chaos. Recommended mature branch models include Git Flow or GitHub Flow:

// Example: Git Flow workflow
git checkout -b feature/new-login  // Feature development branch
git checkout -b hotfix/header-bug // Hotfix branch
git checkout -b release/v1.2.0    // Pre-release branch

For small teams, it can be simplified to:

• Keep the main branch in a releasable state
• Use dev branch for daily development
• Create feature branches as needed

Commit Granularity Control

Fine-grained commit history improves code maintainability. Avoid "commit all changes at once" practices. Recommended approaches:

# Interactive staging
git add -p 
# Only stage changes under src/components/
git add src/components/
# Commit with detailed description
git commit -m "fix: Resolve user login token expiration issue
- Extend token validity to 2 hours
- Add automatic refresh 30 minutes before expiration"

Repository Slimming Techniques

Git repositories may become bloated over time. Cleanup methods include:

# Find large files
git rev-list --objects --all | grep "$(git verify-pack -v .git/objects/pack/*.idx | sort -k 3 -n | tail -5 | awk '{print$1}')"

# Rewrite history to remove large files
git filter-branch --force --index-filter 'git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch assets/videos/demo.mp4' --prune-empty --tag-name-filter cat -- --all

Smart Merge Strategies

Proper merge strategies save time when handling conflicts:

# Use ours/theirs strategy
git checkout --ours package.json  # Keep current branch changes
git checkout --theirs README.md   # Adopt incoming branch changes

# Set default merge strategy
git config --global merge.conflictstyle diff3  # Show common ancestor version

Efficient Diff Comparison

Optimized diff viewing helps quickly locate issues:

# Show only changed words instead of whole lines
git diff --word-diff
# Ignore whitespace changes
git diff -w
# Compare specific file between versions
git diff v1.0.0..v1.1.0 -- src/utils/date.js

Hook Automation

Use Git hooks for automated quality control:

// .git/hooks/pre-commit example
#!/bin/sh
npm run lint && npm test
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
  echo "Validation failed, please fix issues before committing"
  exit 1
fi

Reflog Recovery

When mistakes happen, reflog is your lifeline:

# View all historical operations
git reflog show --date=iso
# Recover state before accidental deletion
git checkout HEAD@{2023-05-01T10:30:00}
# Restore overwritten branch
git branch feature/login 34e2w1a

Submodule Optimization

Proper submodule usage is crucial for large projects:

# Recursively clone project with submodules
git clone --recursive https://github.com/user/repo.git
# Update all submodules
git submodule update --init --recursive
# Batch switch submodule branches
git submodule foreach 'git checkout main'

Staging Area Tricks

Leverage staging area to boost productivity:

# Partially stash file changes
git stash push -p -m "WIP: User module"
# View stashed diff
git stash show -p stash@{0}
# Restore while preserving staged state
git stash apply --index

Configuration Tuning

Optimize Git config for daily operations:

# Enable command aliases
git config --global alias.co checkout
git config --global alias.br branch
git config --global alias.ci commit

# Enable autocorrect
git config --global help.autocorrect 1

# Set global ignore file
git config --global core.excludesfile ~/.gitignore_global

Bisect Debugging

Powerful tool for pinpointing problematic commits:

# Start bisect
git bisect start
# Mark current version as bad
git bisect bad
# Mark known good old version
git bisect good v1.0.0
# Automated test script
git bisect run npm test

Patch Workflow

Convenient way to apply changes across branches:

# Generate patch file
git format-patch HEAD~3 --stdout > fixes.patch
# Apply patch
git apply --stat fixes.patch  # Check first
git apply --check fixes.patch # Verify
git am < fixes.patch          # Apply

Large Repository Handling

Special techniques for massive repositories:

# Partial clone
git clone --filter=blob:none https://github.com/large-repo.git
# Sparse checkout
git sparse-checkout init --cone
git sparse-checkout set src/packages/core
# Shallow clone
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/deep-history-repo.git

Commit Signature Verification

Security best practices:

# Configure GPG signing
git config --global user.signingkey ABCDEF12
git config --global commit.gpgsign true
# Verify historical commits
git log --show-signature -1
# Batch verify tags
git tag -v v1.*

Multi-Workspace Management

Efficient way to handle multiple features:

# Create worktrees
git worktree add ../feature-login feature/login
git worktree add ../bugfix-header bugfix/header
# List all worktrees
git worktree list
# Cleanup when done
git worktree remove ../feature-login

Advanced Log Queries

Precise historical change tracking:

# Find commits containing specific text
git log -G"requireAuth" --patch
# Query by date range
git log --since="2023-01-01" --until="2023-03-31"
# View file modification history
git log -p --follow src/components/Modal.js

Object Database Maintenance

Regular maintenance improves repository health:

# Compress historical objects
git gc --aggressive
# Check repository integrity
git fsck --full
# Repack objects
git repack -a -d --depth=250 --window=250